DBMS > Apache Kylin vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Kylin vs. Qdrant vs. RDF4J vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

A high-performance vector database with neural network or semantic-based matching

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.25
Rank	#170	Overall
	#77	Relational DBMS

Score	1.28
Rank	#167	Overall
	#6	Vector DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

kylin.apache.org

github.com/qdrant/qdrant
qdrant.tech

rdf4j.org

www.snowflake.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

kylin.apache.org/docs

qdrant.tech/documentation

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Qdrant

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2015

2021

2004

2014

2019

Current release

3.1.0, July 2020

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Rust

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

Docker
Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Numbers, Strings, Geo, Boolean

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Keywords, numberic ranges, geo, full-text

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
OpenAPI 3.0
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

OpenAPI 3.0

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Java
PHP
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Collection-level replication

none

yes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency, tunable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Key-based authentication

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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