DBMS > Apache Kylin vs. CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Kylin vs. CockroachDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

kylin.apache.org

www.cockroachlabs.com

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.snowflake.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

kylin.apache.org/docs

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Cockroach Labs

Google

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2015

2008

2014

2019

Current release

3.1.0, July 2020

23.1.1, May 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

user defined functions

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Multi-source replication using Paxos

yes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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