DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. H2 vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. H2 vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.h2database.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Google

Thomas Mueller

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2000

2010

2005

2019

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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