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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRDF storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.62
Rank#83  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.02
Rank#190  Overall
#33  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorersurrealdb.com
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databasedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorersurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014MicrosoftSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2000201220192022
Current release4.9.0, July 2023cloud service with continuous releasesv1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaRust
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMhostedhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesJavaJava
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyeslimited functionality with using 'rules'Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyes infovia event handlerCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsyesnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena Securityyes, based on authentication and database rulesAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSurrealDB
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