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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Drizzle vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Drizzle vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonDrizzle  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Drizzle has published its last release in September 2012. The open-source project is discontinued and Drizzle is excluded from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkMySQL fork with a pluggable micro-kernel and with an emphasis of performance over compatibility.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRDF storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.75
Rank#84  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsDrizzle project, originally started by Brian AkerGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookOpenLink Software
Initial release20002008201720121998
Current release4.9.0, July 20237.2.4, September 20123.1.3, April 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoGNU GPLcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
JDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C++
Java
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infovia event handlerno infohooks for callbacks inside the server can be used.nonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factorChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena SecurityPluggable authentication mechanisms infoe.g. LDAP, HTTPAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache Jena - TDBDrizzleGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBDrizzleGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveVirtuoso
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