DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Lovefield vs. openGauss

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Lovefield vs. openGauss

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

An enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with high-performance, high-availability and high-performance originally developed by Huawei

Primary database model

RDF store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#184	Overall
	#84	Relational DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io

google.github.io/lovefield

gitee.com/opengauss
opengauss.org

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

docs.opengauss.org/en
gitee.com/opengauss/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Google

Huawei and openGauss community

Initial release

2000

2016

2014

2019

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

3.0, March 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

C, C++, Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

ANSI SQL 2011

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

C
C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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