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DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Jena - TDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena frameworkDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSWell established RDBMSElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRDF storeGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.62
Rank#83  Overall
#3  RDF stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitejena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmldgraph.iowww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationjena.apache.org/­documentation/­tdb/­index.htmldgraph.io/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infooriginally developed by HP LabsDgraph Labs, Inc.Actian CorporationMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release200020161974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20161998
Current release4.9.0, July 202311.2, May 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache License, Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoCC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsFuseki infoREST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesJavaC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesTransact SQLPL/SQL
Triggersyes infovia event handlernoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSynchronous replication via RaftIngres ReplicatoryesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoTDB TransactionsACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess control via Jena Securityno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache Jena - TDBDgraphIngresMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTimesTen
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