DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. HarperDB vs. RDF4J vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. Dgraph vs. HarperDB vs. RDF4J vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.75
Rank	#84	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

dgraph.io/docs

docs.harperdb.io/docs

rdf4j.org/documentation

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

HarperDB

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2000

2016

2017

2004

2010

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

3.1, August 2021

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Node.js

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like data manipulation statements

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

Java
PHP
Python

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

yes

Java

Triggers

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

Atomic execution of specific operations

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users and roles

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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