DBMS > Apache Jena - TDB vs. ArangoDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Apache Jena - TDB vs. ArangoDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A RDF storage and query DBMS, shipped as an optional-use component of the Apache Jena framework

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Primary database model

RDF store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#83	Overall
	#3	RDF stores

Score	3.26
Rank	#88	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.08
Rank	#369	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Website

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

arangodb.com

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

nsdb.io

Technical documentation

jena.apache.org/documentation/tdb/index.html

docs.arangodb.com

firebase.google.com/docs/database

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

nsdb.io/Architecture

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

originally developed by HP Labs

ArangoDB Inc.

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Microsoft

Initial release

2000

2012

2014

2017

Current release

4.9.0, July 2023

3.11.5, November 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License, Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

JSON types

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Fuseki

REST-style SPARQL HTTP Interface
Jena RDF API
RIO

RDF Input/Output

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

Java

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Java
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

limited functionality with using 'rules'

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

via event handler

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

since version 2.0

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

TDB Transactions

ACID

yes

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Using Apache Lucene

User concepts

Access control

Access control via Jena Security

yes

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more

Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more

Key customers

Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more

Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

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