DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. SpatiaLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Spatial extension of SQLite

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	1.63
Rank	#146	Overall
	#3	Spatial DBMS

Website

iotdb.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

rdf4j.org

www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite/index

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/spatialite_topics.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Alessandro Furieri

Initial release

2018

2011

2004

2008

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

1.23, February 2021

5.0.0, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

MPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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