DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Lovefield vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. HyperSQL vs. Lovefield vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

hsqldb.org

google.github.io/lovefield

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2018

2001

2014

2019

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

2.7.2, June 2023

2.1.12, February 2017

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Clojure

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

JavaScript

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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