DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. GridDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big Data

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Document store

Secondary database models

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.09
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Time Series DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Score	7.41
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

griddb.net

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

orientdb.org

realm.io

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

docs.griddb.net

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Toshiba Corporation

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2018

2013

2014

2010

2014

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

5.1, August 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

AGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also available

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

numerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestamp

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Java, Javascript

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Hooks

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Connector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobs

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containers

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID at container level

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access rights for users can be defined per database

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more

Competitive advantages

1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more

Key customers

Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more

Market metrics

GitHub trending repository
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more

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