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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. GridDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. GridDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkScalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataOperational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.31
Rank#164  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orggriddb.netwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorertypedb.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldocs.griddb.netdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorertypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationToshiba CorporationMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftVaticle
Initial release20182013200120192016
Current release1.1.0, April 20235.1, August 202211.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases2.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availablecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)yes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersyesyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSource-replica replicationyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparkConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID at container levelACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyes, with Range Indexesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache IoTDBGridDBMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsGridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantages1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosFactory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersDenso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more
Market metricsGitHub trending repository
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more

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More resources
Apache IoTDBGridDBMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
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