DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#164	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	7.36
Rank	#53	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Microsoft

Initial release

2018

2017

2011

2014

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

yes, with Cloud Functions

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Multi-source replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Using Cloud Dataflow

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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