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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Lovefield vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastoregoogle.github.io/­lovefieldazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release2018200820142019
Current release1.1.0, April 20232.1.12, February 2017cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safarihosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App EnginenoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps EngineUsing read-only observersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication using Paxosnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache IoTDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreLovefieldMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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