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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. IRONdb vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonIRONdb  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
IRONdb seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformA distributed Time Series DBMS with a focus on scalability, fault tolerance and operational simplicityFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastorewww.circonus.com/solutions/time-series-database/azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.circonus.com/irondb/category/getting-starteddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleCirconus LLC.Microsoft
Initial release2018200820172019
Current release1.1.0, April 2023V0.10.20, January 2018cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)hostedLinuxhosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyes infotext, numeric, histogramsyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language (Circonus Analytics Query Language: CAQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App Engineyes, in LuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersyesCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)ShardingAutomatic, metric affinity per nodeSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasMulti-source replication using Paxosconfigurable replication factor, datacenter awareyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparkyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate consistency per node, eventual consistency across nodesEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactionsnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
Apache IoTDBGoogle Cloud DatastoreIRONdbMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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