DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	7.85
Rank	#51	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	1.44
Rank	#158	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

iotdb.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

www.h2database.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Thomas Mueller

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2018

2010

2017

2005

2010

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

2.2.220, July 2023

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

Java

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

Java

Triggers

yes

yes, with Cloud Functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Using Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

yes

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

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