DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenQM vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. NebulaGraph vs. OpenQM vs. PouchDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.31
Rank	#159	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	13.60
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	1.92
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS

Score	0.28
Rank	#291	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	2.18
Rank	#114	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Website

iotdb.apache.org

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

pouchdb.com

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

firebase.google.com/docs/database

docs.nebula-graph.io

pouchdb.com/guides

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Vesoft Inc.

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2018

2012

2019

1993

2012

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

3.4-12

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

JavaScript

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

hosted

Linux

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

yes

with some exceptions

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

limited functionality with using 'rules'

user defined functions

yes

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

Sharding

yes

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Role-based access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

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