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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. RRDtool vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. RRDtool vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­datastoreoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleTobias OetikerTimescale
Initial release20182016200819992017
Current release1.1.0, April 20231.8.0, 20222.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedHP-UX
Linux
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes, details hereNumeric data onlynumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language (GQL)noyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnousing Google App Enginenouser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersyesnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)yesShardingnoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication using PaxosnoneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache IoTDBDgraphGoogle Cloud DatastoreRRDtoolTimescaleDB
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