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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HarperDB

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. Geode vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HarperDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGeode  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGeode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processesGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#131  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgdgraph.iogeode.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.harperdb.io
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldgraph.io/­docsgeode.apache.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.harperdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.GoogleHarperDB
Initial release20182016200220152017
Current release1.1.0, April 20231.1, February 20173.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfirecommercialcommercial infofree community edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJavaNode.js
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM infothe JDK (8 or later) is also requiredhostedLinux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freedynamic schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes infoJSON data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language (OQL)noSQL-like data manipulation statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnouser defined functionsnoCustom Functions infosince release 3.1
Triggersyesnoyes infoCache Event Listenersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)yesShardingShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replicationInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be defined
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDyes, on a single nodeAtomic single-row operationsAtomic execution of specific operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, using LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights per client and object definableAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache IoTDBDgraphGeodeGoogle Cloud BigtableHarperDB
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