DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. GBase vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. GBase vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.18
Rank	#173	Overall
	#15	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	1.07
Rank	#185	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

iotdb.apache.org

dgraph.io

www.gbase.cn

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

dgraph.io/docs

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2018

2016

2004

1998

Current release

1.1.0, April 2023

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C, Java, Python

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

Standard with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Native API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

yes

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Planned for future releases

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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