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DBMS > Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Apache IoTDB vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Adaptive Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonEsgynDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSEnterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache TrafodionFully managed big data interactive analytics platformThe SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelTime Series DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score0.16
Rank#329  Overall
#146  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score36.31
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websiteiotdb.apache.orgdgraph.iowww.esgyn.cnazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmldgraph.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.EsgynMicrosoftSAP, Sybase
Initial release20182016201520191987
Current release1.1.0, April 2023cloud service with continuous releases16.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaGoC++, JavaC and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Native API
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored ProceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava and Transact-SQL
Triggersyesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)yesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasSynchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication between multi datacentersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsIntegration with Hadoop and SparknoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesno infoPlanned for future releasesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache IoTDBDgraphEsgynDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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