DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache IoTDB vs. HarperDB vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache IoTDB vs. HarperDB vs. Percona Server for MongoDB vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

An IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and Flink

HarperDB takes the "stack" out of "tech stack" by combining an ultra-fast document-style data store, in-memory cache, real-time message broker, and your application components into a single distributed technology.

A drop-in replacement for MongoDB Community Edition with enterprise-grade features.

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	98.94
Rank	#11	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	1.31
Rank	#159	Overall
	#14	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.55
Rank	#243	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Score	0.50
Rank	#250	Overall
	#39	Document stores

Score	2.84
Rank	#97	Overall
	#16	Key-value stores

Website

cassandra.apache.org

iotdb.apache.org

www.harperdb.io

www.percona.com/mongodb/software/percona-server-for-mongodb

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

iotdb.apache.org/UserGuide/Master/QuickStart/QuickStart.html

docs.harperdb.io/docs

docs.percona.com/percona-distribution-for-mongodb

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Apache Software Foundation

HarperDB

Percona

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2008

2018

2017

2015

2013

Current release

5.0-rc1, July 2024

1.1.0, April 2023

3.1, August 2021

3.4.10-2.10, November 2017

9.4.0, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free community edition available

Open Source

GPL Version 2

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

Node.js

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)

Linux
OS X

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like query language

SQL-like data manipulation statements

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
Native API

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

proprietary protocol using JSON

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

Actionscript
C
C#
C++
Clojure
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Smalltalk

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

JavaScript

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicas

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Integration with Hadoop and Spark

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Atomic execution of specific operations

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, using LMDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

via In-Memory Engine

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

yes

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Apache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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