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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Apache IoTDB vs. H2 vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelWide column storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score97.61
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.39
Rank#155  Overall
#14  Time Series DBMS
Score7.32
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score5.47
Rank#62  Overall
#35  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgiotdb.apache.orgwww.h2database.comtrino.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmltrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software FoundationThomas MuellerTrino Software Foundation
Initial release2008201820052012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20241.1.0, April 20232.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)All OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languageyesyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
Native API
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
JavaGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersyesyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)nonedepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleselectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databasedepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Immediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraApache IoTDBH2Trino
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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