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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Realm vs. Stardog vs. Tibero vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Realm vs. Stardog vs. Tibero vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.78
Rank#140  Overall
#64  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgrealm.iowww.stardog.comus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlrealm.io/­docsdocs.stardog.comtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019Stardog-UnionTmaxSoft8Kdata
Initial release20132014201020032016
Current release4.1.0, June 20227.3.0, May 20206, April 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentscommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaC and AssemblerJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessaryuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)
Triggersnoyes infoChange Listenersyes infovia event handlersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositeSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneMulti-source replication in HA-ClusterMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoIn-Memory realmyesno infoplanned for next version
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesAccess rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaRealmStardogTiberoToroDB
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