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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. QuestDB vs. Realm vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. QuestDB vs. Realm vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataA DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core DataA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.81
Rank#98  Overall
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score7.18
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score1.11
Rank#174  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgquestdb.iorealm.iosurrealdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlquestdb.io/­docsrealm.io/­docssurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaQuestDB Technology IncRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019SurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2013201420142022
Current release4.1.0, June 2022v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open SourceOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustRust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL with time-series extensionsnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnonoyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID for single-table writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyesyes, based on authentication and database rules
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaQuestDBRealmSurrealDB
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Write Time: a call for community writers
13 August 2024

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More resources
Apache ImpalaQuestDBRealmSurrealDB
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Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

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Read the Pitch Deck Database Startup QuestDB Used to Raise $12 Million
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SurrealDB Delivers Future-Ready Database Technology for Developers and Enterprises with Release of SurrealDB 2.0
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