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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Prometheus vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Vertica vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Prometheus vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Vertica vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilitiesCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMS infoColumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.56
Rank#49  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#112  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Score3.99
Rank#75  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#40  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgprometheus.iowww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidatawww.vertica.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlprometheus.io/­docsdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidatavertica.com/­documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaRocket SoftwareOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett PackardOpenLink Software
Initial release20132015198520051998
Current release4.1.0, June 202212.0.3, January 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containersno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoCC++C
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.yes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyoptionalyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport of XML data possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.yes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIJava API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differencesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes infoU2 Basicyes, called Custom Alertsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoby FederationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infoBi-directional Spark integrationyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoconfigurableACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system basedfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hashFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaPrometheusUniData,UniVerseVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™Virtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache ImpalaPrometheusUniData,UniVerseVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™Virtuoso
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