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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. SurrealDB vs. TimesTen vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. SurrealDB vs. TimesTen vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMSIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.48
Rank#75  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tablessurrealdb.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1www.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftSurrealDB LtdOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20132012202219982019
Current release4.1.0, June 2022v1.1.1, January 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)1.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++RustClojure
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query languageyeslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIGraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoPL/SQLno
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanooptimistic lockingACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Table StorageSurrealDBTimesTenXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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