DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SpaceTime vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SpaceTime vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.03
Rank	#392	Overall
	#8	Spatial DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

www.mireo.com/spacetime

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Microsoft

Mireo

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2016

2020

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
Java
PHP

C#
C++
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Transact SQL

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Fixed-grid hypercubes

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

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12 March 2017, Uber

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27 October 2017, KDnuggets

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8 April 2024, Microsoft

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22 March 2024, Microsoft

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24 September 2023, DataScientest

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18 October 2023, AWS Blog

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26 March 2024, eWeek

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3 April 2024, InfoWorld

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1 April 2024, Simplilearn

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