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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. Prometheus vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#334  Overall
#148  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlprometheus.iowww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerprometheus.io/­docswww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftHughes TechnologiesTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20132019199420151987
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 2021Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CGoC and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoImport of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnonoyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneyes infoby FederationSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
nonenoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonononoyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAzure Active Directory Authenticationnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLPrometheusTransbase
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