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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaserdf4j.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.comrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2013201920132004
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQLyes
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infotunable commit protocolACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Usersno

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More resources
Apache ImpalaMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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