DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Lovefield vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Lovefield vs. PouchDB vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

JavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	10.63
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.22
Rank	#306	Overall
	#138	Relational DBMS

Score	2.18
Rank	#114	Overall
	#21	Document stores

Score	0.72
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

impala.apache.org

google.github.io/lovefield

pouchdb.com

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

pouchdb.com/guides

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2013

2014

2012

2004

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

7.1.1, June 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST

only for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

JavaScript

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

View functions in JavaScript

yes

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

with a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

none

Multi-source replication

also with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication

also with CouchDB databases

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

by using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala 4 Supports Operator Multi-Threading
29 July 2021, iProgrammer

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera brings Apache Iceberg data lake format to its Data Platform
30 June 2022, SiliconANGLE News

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

Getting Started with PouchDB Client-Side JavaScript Database
7 September 2016, SitePoint

Create Offline Web Apps Using Service Workers & PouchDB
7 March 2017, SitePoint

Building an Offline First App with PouchDB
10 March 2014, SitePoint

provided by Google News

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