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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. JanusGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Table Storage  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasetsA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedWide column storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.85
Rank#134  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score3.55
Rank#80  Overall
#6  Wide column stores
Score1.44
Rank#152  Overall
#14  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgjanusgraph.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­storage/­tableswww.tigergraph.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.janusgraph.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusMicrosoftMicrosoft
Initial release20132017201920122017
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.0, October 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
hostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIGSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnoyes
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoimplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnooptimistic lockingACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights based on private key authentication or shared access signaturesRole-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaJanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerMicrosoft Azure Table StorageTigerGraph
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