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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWell established RDBMSEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldravendb.net
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.actian.com/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaActian CorporationGoogleHibernating Rhinos
Initial release20131974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20142010
Current release4.1.0, June 202211.2, May 20222.1.12, February 20175.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CJavaScriptC#
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScript.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesnoyes
TriggersnoyesUsing read-only observersyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorIngres ReplicatornoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
Apache ImpalaIngresLovefieldRavenDB
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