DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. OpenSearch vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. OpenSearch vs. Postgres-XL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	59.76
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.53
Rank	#254	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

hive.apache.org

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.postgres-xl.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

opensearch.org/docs/latest

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Amazon Web Services

Initial release

2013

2012

2021

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.1.3, April 2022

2.5.0, January 2023

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users, groups and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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