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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Hive vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for Hadoopdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopFully managed big data interactive analytics platformJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDB
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.34
Rank#112  Overall
#21  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orghive.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpouchdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpouchdb.com/­guides
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release2013201220192012
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1.3, April 2022cloud service with continuous releases7.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMhostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RView functions in JavaScript
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-lounge
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infoquery execution via MapReduceSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backend
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and rolesAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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Apache ImpalaHiveMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPouchDB
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