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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. HarperDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. UniData,UniVerse

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonHarperDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopUltra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.55
Rank#248  Overall
#38  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.harperdb.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.harperdb.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaHarperDBMicrosoftRocket Software
Initial release2013201720191985
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.1, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infofree community edition availablecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Node.jsC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesdynamic schemaFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoJSON data typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like data manipulation statementsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceCustom Functions infosince release 3.1Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingA table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a clusterSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infothe nodes on which a table resides can be definedyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic execution of specific operationsnoACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes, using LMDByesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users and rolesAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
Apache ImpalaHarperDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerUniData,UniVerse
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