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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. Sqrrl

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. H2GIS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB vs. Sqrrl

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopSpatial extension of H2Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Adaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache Accumulo
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.h2gis.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.comsqrrl.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCNRSMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Amazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.
Initial release20132013201920092012
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Accumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJava.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyes infobased on H2Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeedsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange basedSharding infomaking use of Hadoop
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infobased on H2yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationselectable replication factor infomaking use of Hadoop
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoAtomic single-document operationsAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entity
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes infobased on H2Azure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissionsCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)

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More resources
Apache ImpalaH2GISMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDBSqrrl
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