DBMS > Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	8.22
Rank	#50	Overall
	#32	Relational DBMS

Score	7.71
Rank	#52	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.h2database.com

realm.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

realm.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Thomas Mueller

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Initial release

2013

2005

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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More resources

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Recent citations in the news

Cloudera creates observability tool to help enterprises manage cloud costs
6 June 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

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