DBMS > Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

RDF store

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	4.04
Rank	#77	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.h2database.com

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Thomas Mueller

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2013

2005

2012

2004

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

optimistic locking

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

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