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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. ScyllaDB vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. ScyllaDB vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Cassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column storeFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeKey-value storeDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.75
Rank#68  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.scylladb.comtrino.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.scylladb.comtrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleScyllaDBTrino Software Foundation
Initial release2013201720152012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 2022ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaSStarburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinuxLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infocluster global secondary indicesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes, Luayes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingdepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibledepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
depending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoin-memory tables
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per objectSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerScyllaDBTrino
Specific characteristicsScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersDiscord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricsScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerScyllaDBTrino
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