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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SAP Adaptive Server vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMSScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query ServerDocument store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score32.67
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Score0.19
Rank#311  Overall
#27  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.htmlterminusdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASEterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleSAP, SybaseDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2013201719872018
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.011.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoJava and Transact-SQLyes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Journaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannerSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASETerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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