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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. OrigoDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. mSQL vs. OrigoDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.mSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#169  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#380  Overall
#50  Document stores
#18  Object oriented DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlorigodb.comwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsorigodb.com/­docsdocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleHughes TechnologiesRobert Friberg et alStardog-Union
Initial release2013201719942009 infounder the name LiveDB2010
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.4, October 20217.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Sourcecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++CC#Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infocan be achieved using .NETno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoyesuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnononoyes infoDomain Eventsyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizednone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynodepending on modelyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noRole based authorizationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud SpannermSQL infoMini SQLOrigoDBStardog
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