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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP IQ

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP IQ

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFully managed big data interactive analytics platformColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analytics
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infocolumn-oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.63
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.13
Rank#71  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score2.56
Rank#106  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerhelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQ
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleMicrosoftSAP, formerly Sybase
Initial release2013200820191994
Current release4.1.0, June 2022cloud service with continuous releases16.1 SPS04, April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceusing Google App EngineYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexer
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.SAP/Sybase Replication Server
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkHadoop integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ
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