DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Cloud-based data warehousing service

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	1.30
Rank	#164	Overall
	#75	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

www.ibm.com/products/db2/warehouse

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

IBM

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2010

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

in JavaScript

PL/SQL, SQL PL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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