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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TigerGraph vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTigerGraph  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-timeA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.78
Rank#213  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.83
Rank#139  Overall
#13  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.geomesa.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.tigergraph.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.tigergraph.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCCRi and othersMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20132014201620172016
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.0.5, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache License 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++ScalaC++C++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesSQL-like query language (GSQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
Java
PHP
C++
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQLyes
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingdepending on storage layerSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factordepending on storage layeryesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistencydepending on storage layerImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nodepending on storage layerno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageyesRole-based access controlAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGeoMesaMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTigerGraphToroDB
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