DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GeoMesa vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. LokiJS

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	0.86
Rank	#205	Overall
	#4	Spatial DBMS

Score	7.36
Rank	#53	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	8.33
Rank	#46	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Website

impala.apache.org

www.geomesa.org

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

www.h2database.com

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

www.geomesa.org/documentation/stable/user/index.html

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

CCRi and others

Google

Thomas Mueller

Initial release

2013

2014

2017

2005

2014

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

5.0.0, May 2024

2.2.220, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Scala

Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JavaScript API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

Java

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

View functions in JavaScript

Triggers

yes, with Cloud Functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

depending on storage layer

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

depending on storage layer

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Using Cloud Dataflow

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

depending on storage layer

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

depending on storage layer

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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Cloud-based DBMS's popularity grows at high rates
12 December 2019, Paul Andlinger

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New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Apache Impala becomes Top-Level Project
28 November 2017, SDTimes.com

Cloudera Bringing Impala to AWS Cloud
28 November 2017, Datanami

Apache Doris just 'graduated': Why care about this SQL data warehouse
24 June 2022, InfoWorld

Hudi: Uber Engineering’s Incremental Processing Framework on Apache Hadoop
12 March 2017, Uber

Updates & Upserts in Hadoop Ecosystem with Apache Kudu
27 October 2017, KDnuggets

provided by Google News

Google's AI-First Strategy Brings Vector Support To Cloud Databases
1 March 2024, Forbes

Realtime vs Cloud Firestore: Which Firebase Database to go?
8 March 2024, Appinventiv

Google launches Cloud Firestore, a new document database for app developers
3 October 2017, TechCrunch

Google's Cloud-Native NoSQL Database Cloud Firestore Is Now Generally Available
8 February 2019, InfoQ.com

Firestore and Python | NoSQL on Google Cloud
7 August 2020, Towards Data Science

provided by Google News

LokiJS - A JavaScript Database
18 November 2014, iProgrammer

provided by Google News

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