DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. GraphDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. GraphDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Widely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	12.45
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.05
Rank	#186	Overall
	#86	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#91	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	44.27
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

www.gbase.cn

www.ontotext.com

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

help.sap.com/hana

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

General Data Technology Co., Ltd.

Ontotext

SAP

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

2013

2004

2000

2010

2019

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c

10.4, October 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

commercial

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

C, Java, Python

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

yes

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

Standard with numerous extensions

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioning

none

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

yes

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

yes

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
» more

Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more

Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
» more

Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

All companies that have data.
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
» more

News

Riding the Databricks Wave with Hybrid Knowledge Graphs
6 June 2024

Matching Skills and Candidates with Graph RAG
31 May 2024

A Triple Store RAG Retriever
29 May 2024

Integrating GraphDB with Relational Database Systems
23 May 2024

Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence
17 May 2024

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.