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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. MarkLogic vs. SAP Advantage Database Server

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structures
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.05
Rank#186  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.gbase.cncloud.google.com/­spannerwww.progress.com/­marklogicwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.GoogleMarkLogic Corp.Sybase, SAP
Initial release20132004201720011993
Current release4.1.0, June 2022GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c11.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C, Java, PythonC++
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsStandard with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL92yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Delphi
Perl
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptyes
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesMulti-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, with Range Indexesno infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGBaseGoogle Cloud SpannerMarkLogicSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS
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