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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SAP Adaptive Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Firebird vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SAP Adaptive Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.The SAP (Sybase) Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE) is an enterprise-class RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infowith Boeing's Spatial Query Server
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score35.09
Rank#25  Overall
#17  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-ase.html
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_ASE
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFirebird FoundationGoogleSAP, Sybase
Initial release20132000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20171987
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0.0, January 202416.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public Licensecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++C and C++
Server operating systemsLinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Cobol
Java
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducePSQLnoJava and Transact-SQL
Triggersnoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache ImpalaFirebirdGoogle Cloud SpannerSAP Adaptive Server infoformer name: Sybase ASE
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